Christmas, Then And Now Essay -- essays research papers

ChristmasAs I slowly awaken from a deep sleep, cool air hits my squinting look and I have the feeling that this is not a practice day. I close my eyes again and ponder for less than a spilt second thusly realize that SANTA CAME LAST NIGHT I throw back the covers, ignoring the cold that would have kept me in bed for hours later on a normal day, and run to the Christmas tree. Without any lights on I quietly examine everything placed under the tree. I notice that Santa had eaten my cookies and drank all my milk. This made me feel as if I had accomplished something more important than world peace I had fed Santa. All my unwrapped gifts that had appeared only overnight had a special aura border them. Something magical. With a perpetual smile I sit and enjoy the look of the tree and all m...

Boundaries...What For? :: Argumentative Science Technology Papers

Boundaries...What For?There seems to be no boundaries when it comes to scientific advancement. Scientists are struggling to come up with new and exciting procedures that are supposed to make our lives better. In the process, I think that they are getting tabu of hand. The advancement of science and technology today has brought up some very interesting and controversial issues.Nowadays, it seems that galore(postnominal) scientists are on a mission to create the perfect human being, but in the process are breaking a lot of honest boundaries. Do scientists know when enough is simply enough?, that is the real question. Through the use of such scientific and technological advancements, its amazing at just what scientists toilette do with the information. Often times they arent thinking in terms of the world but in terms of them selves. Which on of them can discover the next biggest function in science and technology, which can find that cure. Its all a game that is not played fair. T here is a lot of craziness going on in the sciences, and with that comes consequences. Take Dr. Frankenstein for instance. In the article Frankenstein by Mary Shelly, she created a character that defied all the scientific and technological boundaries that were around in those days. It was against the law to work at with dead bodies, especially for the purposes that he was going to use them for which was to select the best parts forthe creature he was going to bring to life. He set out to create a super-human being out of inatimate objects, and he was successful, but in the end did pay a price. He spent two grueling long time that consisted of long days and sleepless nights, for the sole purpose of creating life out of nothing. For this I deprived myself of rest and health, but now I had finished, the beauty of the hallucination vanished, and the breathless horror and disgust filled my heart (Shelly 234). Dr. Frankenstein went way over the line, and tried to play the creator, and i n the end got what he deserved, a monster. He abhorred Frankenstein so much, that he chose to alienate him from the world. Which was really unfair to the monster, considering he was created by the sweat of Dr. Frankensteins brow. Sometimes all that scientific information can get you into trouble. If Dr. Frankenstein had not at peace(p) ahead and pursued the role of playing God, he wouldnt have created such an ugly monster in his eyes.

Life :: essays research papers

The methods, discoeries, and conclusions of science, as well as their role in society, have got generated endless debates throughout history. There was a time when one could be put to death for believing that the earth was round, or ridiculed for claiming that animal species evolve over time. Today people argue over whether it is ethical and responsible science to transplant organs, to allow a suffering person to die, or to genetically alter foods so that they possess special traits. maven particular ferocious debate that emerged from the discoveries of modern day science is the debate over the rights of animals. They are used to tryout the safety and effectiveness of new drugs earlier those drugs are given to people to treat illnesses and disease. Animals are used to ensure that the ingredients in the foods we eat are safe for consumer consumption. They are also used to test products like eye shadow, lipstick, shampoo, and contact lens solution, as well as chemicals ranging fro m lawn fertilizers to caffeine. There should be a balance in the use of animals for scientific advancements. Although we as a society should never accept needless or cruel inflictions of pain, the potential good to all of humanity that can come from using animals for scientific studies outweighs the harm and suffering it may create. The HistoryWhile the debate might seem modern, animal testing and the concept of animal rights have both been somewhat for a very long time. However, over the years, the views of people and society have changed. New ideas about what is and is not acceptable in animal testing have led to new laws and new scientific techniques. Animal testing as it is known today owes its existence to the scientific revolution of the late sixteenth and advance(prenominal) seventeenth centuries. During this time, as the scientific point of view gained respect and Saunders 2the technology resulting from it exploded into everyday life, researchers began looking to animals f or answers to questions that they couldnt find anywhere else. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, animal experimentation became increasingly popular among scientists. For the most part, no one considered animal testing to be immoral. However, one English Philosopher named Jeremy Bentham believed differently. As utter in People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) website, In 1789, Bentham, referring to animals, asked The question is not can they reason?

Relationship between Caliban and Prospero in Act I of The Tempest Essay

The short extract taken from The Tempest helps us learn a lot about(predicate) the characters Prospero and Caliban and their relationship within the play.Prospero, when we first meet him, emerges as a very controlling and dominant figure on the island, mainly because he refers to the character Caliban as his slave. This shows us that Prospero must be a powerful man and that he has authority over the island and its people. Prospero uses his power to abuse Caliban, and he threatens him with phrases such as thou shalt have cramps, side-stitches... if he does not comply with his orders. But when Caliban refuses to obey him, Prospero resorts to insults in order to control him because he tells Miranda, his daughter, But, as tis/We cannot miss him meaning that they cannot tolerate on the island themselves. Through the language used, we quickly learn how Prospero believe that he is above Caliban, because he calls him names like savage, hag-seed and poisonous. Caliban, however, is not a wea k and passive slave as one might expect. Instead he threatens both Prospero and his daughter, ...

Rockefeller :: Free Essay Writer

Rockefeller John Davison Rockefeller, a U.S industrialist was the founder of the infamous Standard Oil Company, through which he dominated the U.S rock oil industry in the late 19th century and early 20th century and created the first major profession trust in the United States of America. His business trust made him the world first billionaire .he also created a lot of controversies and opposition because of his business practices and form of organization especially from the US government. Together being a billionaire Rockefeller was one of the first major philanthropists in the U.S establishing several important foundations and donating a total of $540million to charitable purposes. Rockefeller was born on 8th July 1839 on a farm at Richford, in Tioga County, New York. He was second of the six children of William A. and Eliza (Davison) Rockefeller. The family lived in modest circumstances. The family moved to Owergo, New York and then headed west to Ohio i n 1853. The Rockefellers bought a house in Strongville , Moravia near Cleveland. John entered Central High School in Cleveland where he rented a room in the city and get together the Erie Street Baptist church he was very active in its affairs and became a trustee of the church at the age of 21. Rockefeller left high nurture in 1855 in order to take up a business guide at Folsom Mercantile College. After completing the six month course in three months and after looking for a job for six weeks he landed a job as an assistant bookkeeper with Hewitt & Turtle , a small firm of commission merchants and produce shippers .He was not paid his salary for three moths when Hewitt gave him $50 ($3.57a week) and told him that his salary will be increased to $25 a month. A few months later he attained the position of the cashier and bookeeper. In 1859, with $1000 he had saved and another $1000 borrowed from his father at a rate 10% per annum, he formed a part nership in the commission business with a British Immigrant, Maurice B.

Financial Theories Overview Essay

costs of capital to a firm would remain the same no matter what combination of financing sources the firm actually chose (Miller, 2001, p. 185). The dividend marriage offer overcomes objection to leverage proof. 3. Agency Cost Theory I Michael Jensen and William Meckling define agency costs as the costs associated with cooperative sudor by compassionate beings, which arises when the principal hires an agent to carry out duties Oensen, 2005).Conflicts of interest mingled with management and shareholders are inevitable and can cause a potential loss in value of public corporations (Chew, 2001). For example, shareholders may want management to increase shareholder value, but management may grow the business to increase personal big businessman and wealth (Chew, 2001). Enrons company was worth $30 billion and senior managers tried to defend a $40 billion of excess valuation.Ultimately Enron executives sunk the company by trying to fool the markets through accounting manipulations , hiding debt through off-balance sheet partnerships, and over hyped new ventures such as their broadband futures effort Oensen, 2005, pp. 10-11). John Roth, former chief executive officer (CEO) of Nortel, wrote off most cquisitions, when stock price crashed and closed down activities, which resulted in the destruction of not lone(prenominal) the corporate value but also the social value of the company Oensen, 2005). Finance scholars found a reduction in conflict of interest between management and shareholders because of (1) product market competition and a market for executive labor

Overtraining, and Burnout in Child and Adolescent Athletes. Pediatrics Essay

Exercise and sports behavior has been an area of vigorous research interest. Athletes and stack who compete at a broad(prenominal) level of physiologic exercise are usually habituated to intense levels of act for over a prolonged current of time. However, there is hesitation to term it as a mental disorder or a disorder associated with characteristic patterns of psychological disturbance. People with very high levels of athletic activities may be high achievers who participated in these activities with intense physical work due to legion(predicate) reasons, but the most important is their sense of achievement. umpteen of them feel that these activities contributed to their psychological well-being and their emotional stability. A closer examination of their exercise patterns happened to be adaptive and hence has been contemplated to be contributing to the overall psychological functioning. Investigation into their lifestyles revealed that those revolved about their athletic or physical exercise activities, and many of them had disciplined, inflexible, and well-ordered routine.To be able to maintain much(prenominal) routines, these individuals rigidly followed a regimented running programme and often subordinated other aspects of their life such as diet, occupation, and socializing to their running. The question remains, whether this obligatory pattern of exuberant exercise and physical activity harbor any detrimental effects on these people with high athletic activity. In this assignment, current research will be reviewed to bob up out the answer of this question. Over study or burnout is commonly regarded as a generalised stress response to a prolonged period of overload.Thus, overtraining can be define as an ab ordinary extension of the training process culminating in a state of staleness (Weinberg and Gould, 1999). Many other terms have been used to advert this syndrome. These allow staleness, burnout and failing adaptation (Hooper et al. , 199 3). Tenenbaum et al. (2003) recently suggested as theoretical model of this condition (Tenenbaum et al. , 2003). Generally speaking, overtraining can be attributed to a combination of high-intensity training at excessive levels and provision of inadequate rest or insufficient time for recovery.There have been arguments as to whether a single, universally agreeable diagnostic index of burnout is possible, case studies have revealed a host of physiological and psychological symptoms. Physiologically overtraining may manifest signs of depressed immune function leading to an increased relative incidence of upper respiratory tract infections. The physiology alters so that there are increases in resting heart rate. Endocrinologically, there may be decreases in testosterone levels and increases in cortisol concentration.In some individuals, there may be decreases in maximal blood lactate concentration, which is otherwise expected to be high. All these may culminate into debasement in at hletic performance of the affected person, but there may be psychological symptoms which may include include climate disturbances, feelings of chronic tire out, damage of appetite, repetitive loading injuries, and quite often insomnia (Cashmore, 2002). The prevalence of this syndrome can be estimated from Morgan (2000) that over 50% of both male and female marathon runners have at least sometimes suffered from burnout in some time.As a paradox, burned out athletes tend to try harder and perform increasingly worse. There are many accompanimentors associated with this phenomenon. Literature has revealed that these factors may include inadequate recovery time between bouts of training, prolonged or over-intense training regimes, personal problems and inadequate coping resources (Weinberg and Gould, 1999). Morgan (2000) also claimed that mood disturbance in these individuals may be etiologically link to burnout, although there have been disputes against this claim.In general, it ha s been shown that people who exercise vigorously tend to suffer from symptoms of mood changes, irritability, restlessness, insomnia, overleap of appetite, or feelings of guilt. Bill Norris, the principal trainer on the American Tennis Professionals tennis tour, observed recently that problems of injury and burnout stem from a combination of the unceasing pursuit of achievement and the inability of coaches to understand that the human body can only take so much for so long (cited in Evans, 2002, p. 24). whence excessive stress is an important initiating withalt for psychological, emotional, and physical disengagement from a formerly enjoyable sport. As Gould et al. (2002) concurs exercise or sport burnout can be defined as the manifestation or consequence of the situational, cognitive, behavioural, and physiologic components of excessive stress (Gould et al. 2002). This phenomenon has been embodied most strikingly in teenage sports performers or athletes, who have spectacular and sudden rise with similarly abrupt and premature decline.Many young tennis prodigies can be used as examples to illustrate this phenomenon, and even some of them despite being prolific achievers could not go to the extent that they would have. Moreover, some of them fell prey of recurring back or neck problems or other chronic injuries. History suggests that a combination of parental pressure and coaching tyranny was operational in leading to halt of many promise careers in sporting (Gould et al. 2002). There had been attempts to explain the phenomenon of sports burnout through various theoretical framework.The progression of burnout has been presumed to be due to pressure of training and development of competitive approaches. This lease is interpreted by the athletes psyche in a different manner, and some indeed end up seeing it as a threatening situation. If the train is perceived to be threatening, the youth usually demonstrates physiological responses, which are characterise d by fatigue or insomnia. In the next state, these physiological responses lead to strategies for coping, which in crack may manifest as diminishing levels of competitive performance.This may lead to interpersonal problems of the affected individuals and failure of coping may lead to complete withdrawal from sport or any other athletic activity. It has been argued that it is difficult to generalize since to cause this, many subjective factors, such as, self-esteem, ambition, and personal anxiety may hightail it important roles. Lonsdale et al. (2009) had examined the potential factors contributing to the psychological impacts of sports burnout. They used self-determination theory by employing a cross-sectional design with the primary aim to investigate the behavioral regulations and athlete burnout.It has been shown that less self-determined motives showing positive associations and more self-determined motives showing negative correlations with burnout. Competence, autonomy, sel f-determined motivation, exhaustion, devaluation, reduced accomplishment, and global burnout play important roles in exercise and sports burnout (Lonsdale et al. , 2009). This means, personality and factors related to motivation influence the different stages of burnout process. Some authors have identified training stress as the determinant of the burnout process.This is a physical characteristic of the burnout process. This occurs due to the fact the body cannot tolerate the physical strain anymore. As an additive, ambition also plays important roles. Although in some cases, some of the young people are self-aggrandizing up enough to cope up with the stressors associated with higher level of competition, in many cases, the young competitors experience a psychophysiological malfunction once their bodies fail to respond positively to training. This would affect their mental orientation leading to incapability of meeting the demands placed on their bodies.Brenner et al. (2007) desc ribes burnout syndrome as a series of psychological, physiologic, and hormonal changes that may solution in decreased sports performance. The common manifestations have been described as chronic muscle and joint pain, changes in the personality, resting tachycardia, and decreased performance in sports. This is commonly associated with fatigue manifested by lack of enthusiasm about practice or competition. The athlete may also encounter immense difficulty in completing the normal routines of an athlete.Burnout in sports has been recognised as a serious sequel of the syndrome of overtraining. Although this is a serious problem, it can be prevented. Usually, the athletes are encouraged to participate and practice different kinds of sports rather than one particular type of activity. Sometimes these may be prevented though various training adjustment approaches. It has been seen that steps to keep workouts interesting with age-appropriate games and training may prevent it. There should be time off from structured or organised sports at least 1 to 2 days per week, to renounce the body and mind to rest.This time may be utilised in other activities. The trainer must allow longer scheduled breaks from training and competition every 2 to 3 months, but during this time, he must focus on other activities involved with cross training so his loss of aptitude and level of conditioning does not deteriorate (Brenner et al. , 2007). Conclusion The detrimental effects of high level exercise are numerous. There is risk of over-use injury, potential for excessive weight loss, mood disturbance, psychological burnout, eating disorders, depression, and low level of psychological wellbeing.Recently, there has been a growth of research interest in the areas of personal problems. These include stress and burnout afflicting people involved in sport and exercise. Research also suggests that not infrequently exercise habit can have adverse consequences. For certain(prenominal) vulnera ble population practicing athletics, sports, and physical activities, exercise is associated with specific psychopathologies. Furthermore, a variety of physiological hazards to health have been demonstrated to be associated with habitual physical activity and/or sport.These include metabolic abnormalities, such as, hypothermia in swimmers or dehydration in marathon runners disorders of hemapoeisis, such as, anemia in endurance athletes and cardiac problems, such as, arrhythmia. All these may result from prolonged vigorous athletic activity. On the contrary, it has long been known that intensive training regimens do not always enhance athletic performance. More precisely, when the nature, intensity and/or frequency of athletic training exceed the bodys adaptive capacity and lead to a alloy in sport performance, then the condition is known as burnout or overtraining.Modern research has suggested many changes. Reference List Brenner, JS. and the Council on Sports Medicine and physic al fitness Overuse Injuries (2007). Overtraining, and Burnout in Child and Adolescent Athletes. Pediatrics 119 1242 1245. Cashmore, E. (2002). Sport psychology The key concepts. London Routledge Evans, R. (2002). Breaking point. The Sunday Times, 19 May, p. 24 (Sport). Gould, D. , Damarjian, N. , and Greenleaf, C. (2002). resourcefulness training for peak performance. In J. L. Van Raalte and B. W. Brewer (Eds. ), Exploring sport and exercise psychology (2nd ed. , pp. 4974).Washington, DC American Psychological Association. Hooper, S. L, Traeger Mackinnon, L, Gordon, R. D. , and Bachmann, A W. (1993). Hormonal responses of selected swimmers to overtraining. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 25, 741747. Lonsdale, C. , Hodge, K. , and Rose, E. , (2009). Athlete burnout in elite sport A self determination perspective. J Sports Sci 27(8) 785-95. Morgan, W. P. (2000). Psychological factors associated with distance running and the marathon. In D. T. Pedloe (Ed. ), Marathon med icine (pp. 293310). London The Royal Society of Medicine Press. Tenenbaum, G. , Jones, C. M. , K

Relations Between the Soviet Union and China Hostile Essay

What were the turning-point events that kept relations between the Soviet Union and mainland China at loggerheads for over 20 years? There were many disputes between China and Russia between the 1950s and 1960s. The disputes may be caused by ideological differences, self-centeredness, personalities of the leaders, or domestic problems. monoamine oxidase and Stalin had ideological differences. Although Mao and Stalins ideologies are based on Marxism, Stalin believed Mao using the peasants as the basis for revolution is non the right interpretation of Marxism. Stalin thought workers in cities should be the basis to lead the revolution. Also, Stalin feared Mao compete against him in the Communist world, so Stalin wanted a weak China and the USSR will then dominate Asia. He made his policies through self-interests. Thus, Stalin wanted Mao to cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek instead of carrying out a revolution. Therefore Mao believed Stalin was not a true revolutionary.The Sino-Soviet treaty Alliance is another example, which the Soviets acted through self-interest. The accordance, which was the first treaty between China and Russia, offered the Chinese Soviet expertise and low interest aid. However, it was signed after two months of negotiation and the Chinese was received poor treatment. Plus, the Chinese would have to repay Soviets aid with interests. Moreover, the Chinese traditional buildings were replaced with Soviet style buildings and Socialist sciences were prioritized over the western, which was far more effective than the Socialist sciences. Mao was not happy about Stalins actions in the Korean fight. Stalin encouraged China to send troops into Korea. China sent one million soldiers to Korea and Russia gave China sensible assistance but China paid $1.35 billion for the Soviet equipment. Between 1953 and 1956, there were tensions and suspicions in Mao and Stalins relationship.Stalin might have purposely survive the end of the Korean War in order to weaken China. After Stalins death, tension between Russia and China has relaxed. Soviet leaders tried to chance upon the treaties fairer for China. During the leadership years of Khrushchev, tension has salvaged between China and the USSR. However, tension rose again at the conference of Communist Parties. Mao called Russia to abandon revisionism, which supports occidental Capitalists. Mao also believed the USSR is trying to isolate China. Deng believed capitalism had to be crushed in violent revolution. Khrushchevs visit to Beijing in order to ease the tension caused by the conference was unsuccessful. Khrushchevs hotel, which was infested by mosquitos, had no A/C in the summer. Also, Khrushchev who was bad at swimming was invited to swim with Mao. It was humiliating for Khrushchev because he had to wear tight swimming shorts and a swim ring. Meanwhile, Deng used this luck to criticize the Soviets. He said the Soviets had betrayed the Communist movement and had sent spies clot hed as technical advisers to China.Next, a series of events caused China and Russias relation to deteriorate. The Taiwan crisis resulted the Soviets withdrawing their economic advisers and cancelled commercial contracts with China. Then the Soviets denounced the faulty design of The outstanding Leap Forward, which made Mao infuriated. Therefore, Mao would now aid any communist countries that do not agree with the USSR. An example of this would be China aiding Albania. In 1961, the USSR withdrew aid from Albania. Then China replaced the Soviet aid to Albania. This led to more hostilities between the two communist countries. Khrushchev and Mao also had different views on thermonuclear weapons. Mao did not fear nuclear war because he believed war is unavoidable in the revolutionary struggle.On the other hand, Khrushchev want wanted to co-exist with the US. The Test-ban Treaty was signed in 1963, in which the USSR and US agreed to stop nuclear tests. Mao saw this as the USSR siding wi th the imperialist powers. Also, China called the USSR for help on the development of nuclear weapons, but the Soviets rejected. After Khrushchev left office in 1964, the Soviets continued isolating China. The Soviets criticized the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. Also the Soviets used this opportunity to criticize China on its development of worldwide opium trade, receiving assistance from West Germany on nuclear research, and so on. China and Russia also had disputes on border. In 1969, they started combat because of border disputes and Mao was prepared for nuclear war.In the end nuclear weapons was not used, but the dispute had threatened to turn into a full-scale war. The Vietnam War had also caused the disputes between China and Russia because they all wanted Vietnam to be influenced by their ideologies. In the end, USSR won and the Soviet-Vietnamese Treaty of Peace and Friendship was formed. In conclusion, mainly because of self-interest and different ideological views , Russia and China had conflicts on the Conference of Communist Parties in 1957, Taiwan, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, the Vietnam War, and border issues. Because of these serious of events, China and Russia relations were hostile over 20 years.

Negative Effect of Media to Women Essay

Negative Effect of Media to Woman In the condition, The Burka and The Bikini by Joan Jacobs and Jacquelyn Jackson, they mention not only media can insult some cultures by showing almost nude females in their propoundment and it could also put a huge impact on most of our womens salubriousness in the association we live in. They use two totally different views of two different world of women as their main example. They assert that some women cover up for the sake and a respect for the culture of their country and on the other hand, looking good, getting deoxidise, and showing more skin are others women fast(a) means for theirs.They also say women take this issue so serious that they risk their lives to achieve of what they believe is the medias perception of a perfect body. near disallow outcome includes disorders and a lot of stress to our women in the society. They conclude that it does not matter if a media promotes a person naked or well dressed notwithstanding what med ia needs to think is how this volition badly stir women because their well- being is what counts for our future generation.It is very convincing what Brumber and Jacksons claim on how negative effect of media in our society especially to womens health is becoming an epidemic. Media is trying to make this century only for those women with perfect bodies and it is one of the risky factors why our wives, daughters, sisters and a lot more women in our society are at health risks. From reality TV shows, newspapers, ad advertisements, billboards, and TV commercials, mostly thin and big chested women are the star and most popular.It could be that the head of the media is a man? Not necessary, because not all men wealthy person the uniform perception of what a perfect woman is. As a matter of fact, I talk to my friend Ryan Pitts, who is my work out partner and works for Amtrak and have him, what is your perfect description of at brochureive woman? He answers umm ok, a woman should lo ok normal and natural. Oh definitely, they need some makeup, their hair done, flattering clothes and shoes, but dont overdo it. Too skinny is gross with your bones poking out everywhere its nasty.And for those of you who think you need breast implants think once more They look so fake, and you cant hide that unless you cover up completely. Because of media, most American women are suffering with a disorder called Anorexia Nervosa, the restriction and refusal of sustenance to maintain a minimal normal body weight. One of the popular methods is vomiting using ipecac syrup, a medicinal plant from Brazil, and will trigger the substitution nervous system that will cause vomiting.One of the early tragic victim of Anorexia is for instance Karen Carpenter, a popular singer of the 70s. According to the article Battling Anorexia The Story of Karen Carpenter by Adena Young, Ever since Karen Carpenter died in 1983, doctors, scientists, and therapists, among many others, have been investigati ng the cause of this fatal eating disorder. One common cause, as everyone agrees, is American culture and the media. For the past few decades, there has been an American philosophy of trim and slim. This is a nation where it is sexy to be skinny and where fitness centers and more recently, dieting supplements, are being advertised more than anything else So Anorexia has been around for decades now and it was clear states on Youngs article that media is one of the reason. He also mentions, Anorexia is especially common among young white girls and those who need to have more control over their lives. Among anorexics, you will find female hyper-achievers, fashion models, dancers, gymnasts, and concert dance troupes.ANDRED (Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders, Inc. ) research suggests that about one percent of female adolescents have anorexia. That means that about one out of every one blow young women between ten and twenty are starving themselves, sometimes to death. Ther e do not seem to be reliable figures for younger children and of age(p) adults, but much(prenominal) cases, while they do occur, are not common. Furthermore, media advertisement about different kind of diet oral contraceptives is another factor of how badly they affect womens minds.They will put a young skinny model, who reads a script and really does not have anything to do with the product that she is trying to advertise to those women that are desperate to lose their fat. She is a model and gets pay to that job so what to expect. As a matter of fact, according to Jason Parker in his article, The Bad boldness Effects of Diet Pills He states, If youre thinking about resorting to diet pills for your weight problems, consider this.Dizziness, nervousness, anxiety, restlessness, blurred vision, fatigue, insomnia, heart failure, severe headaches, hair loss, urinary tract problems, tremors, hallucinations, heart attack, shortness of breath, dizziness, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, c onstipation, stroke, convulsions, hyperactivity, addiction to pills, and heart palpitations These are some of the side cause of diet pills according to medical specialists (Parker). A diet pill is no different than the taking of steroids that might work for some time but in a long run the bad side effects will kick in and take effect.It is a form of pill that can poison womens body but also their mind. Media is affecting our society in some ways that women will extremely do anything care plastic surgery to achieve what media calls the perfect body. According to the Cosmeticplasticsurgerystatistic. com, nearly 11. 7 one million million million cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures were performed in the United States in 2007. What is that statistics tells us? Women will spend ridiculous amount of money to fit an artificial estimate created by an every expanding media. Reality TV shows like Extreme Makeover and Dr. 0210 are some of the most influential in media. Plastic su rgery procedure like nose and lips reshaping, liposuction and breast augmentation are the most common procedures. It is faster way of loosing something that you do not want in your body so why not. It is a severe problem because we are giving young women a bad idea, and they think it is normal to do so. Media keep showing this nicely done breast implants and a well done liposuction but where are those people that failed and even worst like died or people that they messed up on during and after the procedure. overtaking through such experience will really make people think hard and make smarter decision because once it is done it is scar that will not go away forever. Brumberg and Jackson asserts on how badly media influence our women in our society and brainwashes womens mind on how they should have to look. The outcome of negative advertisement to womans mind could include, disorder, stress, lowered self-esteem and worst case scenario- death. According to Brumberg and Jackson concl usion, no matter where a womans from it does not matter if they are showing extra skin or not, what really counts is the womans health of our next generation.I have versed how powerful media is and that because of them most of our women will truly take the risks of endangering their lives. In the article, In your face All Over the Place by Jean Kilbourne, he clearly states, Advertising constantly promotes the core belief of American culture that we can create ourselves, transform ourselves, transcended our circumstances-but with a twist For generations Americans believed if we work hard enough, like Horatio Alger. straightaway the promise is what we can change our lives instantly, effortlessly-by winning a lottery, selecting the right mutual fund, having a fashion makeover, losing weight, having tighter abs, buying the right car or softdrink. It is this belief that such transformation is possibles that drives us to keep dieting, to buy more stuff, to read fashion magazines that g ive us the same information over and over again(373). It is actually the point of this argument, it sounds too good to be true. If you do not read the fine print, media is a conspiracy and a big corrupted propaganda.It is like a contagious disease on peoples mind especially for women in a bad way. It has to stop somewhere. Media is everywhere, people do not have a choice but to look and listen to all the lies. In a sense, they will buy it, and they had to because it is a gradual adaptation to our society. People notwithstanding need to remember dont let media fool you on what beauty standard should be. If people want to be thin or healthy, they just need to change their bad habit to good lifestyle and have a positive healthy attitude. Doing it right is worth a lot in a long run.

The NetVis Module: Exploring its Web Site and its Uses

The NetVis Module is no doubt a power-packed web-based tool that illustrates the ontogenesis of social mesh topology abbreviation. Moreover, the said tool presents a lot of opportunities to those who has a need for it when it comes to analysis and visualization of the relationships within a defined set of persons, groups, etcetera As an example, Wayne Baker (2000) stressed the importance of ne twainrk analysis to identify and build strong team relationships, which would in turn result to organizational success. profit Analysis, according to Noel Tichy et. al (1979), is concerned with the structure and patterning of these relationships and come acrossks to identify both their ca workouts and consequences. Social Network Analyis or SNA, having its foundation in crystaliseical sociology and later on incorporated with social scientific and mathematical problem solutions, has been used or applied in various areas of study such as kinship structure, social mobility, and class structur e (Scott, 1988).With the NetVis Module today, along with other related software tools found on the sites resources page, SNA has been to a greater extent encompassing covering almost every last(predicate) areas such as discovering key opinion leaders, community economic development (InFlow SNA Software for Organizations), building a grassroot political campaign and finding emergent leaders in a fast growing company (Orgnet.com).With this, the impression I got was that all areas of study relative to SNA are possible. This impression arose as I was exploring the site.First, I stand for exploring the site is quite easy. Just by clicking a button, I could perform a task or go to a page I want to view. For example, the links on the resources page clearly outline the different SNA software tools and what they could do. The web sites linked to the NetVis site provide a wider and a more(prenominal) diverse perspective on how SNA works in different fields of application.However, contrary to the ease of use is the difficulty in understanding the technical impairment of the NetVis Module. This would lead me to my second point, which I would like to talk more about.With all the technical jargons, I think the NetVis site is designed for technical experts or professionals who drop a need for the software. Technical knowledge or at the least familiarity in mathematical sequences, statistics and other related topic areas is a prerequisite in order to maximize the use of this tool. Although there is an explanation box for each heavy term such as geodesics, transitivity, split value, etc., it is save difficult to give way and/or interpret data coming from the point of view of a novice.To further my point, I tried the NetVis Module Tutorial. I followed each step, reading instruction manual carefully and revising my input data before I could get an analysis and a network visualization.What I did was create two social networks with fivesome members for each group. These w ere, in reality, my two sets of friends. The meta tag I used was secret sharing wherein the question to be asked for each member is How much information do you share with ____? Collecting the matrix data using an improvised five-point scale and following the rest of the instructions, I was ready and pretty excited to view the analysis and visualization of my sample social networks.Before making a full interpretation, I needed to understand first the tools for analysis because it is hard to derive a conclusion just by looking at all the data matrices. I checked all the definitions for degree, betweenness and closeness centrality. I gave special attention to the definitions of density, transitivity, geomorphological holes and split value. I withal checked the sub-tools for analysis such as constraint, effective size, efficiency, hierarchy, reachability, shortest path and so on.Finally, the over-all conclusion I got was that the first social network or the members of my first set of friends are more closely-knit (based on the answers that members of this group share secrets or personal and sensitive information with each other more often) compared to the members of the other group. This was primarily illustrated by the higher values in bridges, ties and shortest path between each pair of actors and among all members of the group. However, it is also worth noting that the difference in values between the two groups is not that big (0.2 to 0.3 difference only).I found the results interesting because it is through this tool that I realized that my friends coming from two different groups have trust and confidence with each other on the basis of sharing personal and sensitive information.For a student, this is one practical use of the NetVis Module. In fact, I am looking forward to do more experiments using this toolcreating other social networks with the integration of other factors such as geographical distance, which I have not included in my first trial. I coul d also try to analyze a larger group and see who the key players are or who plays the role of a leader. This could be done by looking at the core and periphery actors or members of the group. I could also try to find out who among the members of a group are somewhat unreachable (no path exists) by other members. Aside from those mentioned, there are still lots to demonstrate about the relationships among members of a particular group. These are just some of the things I would like to look into.Apart from personal use, I think the NetVis Module, with its relatively intricate procedures and tools for analysis, is primarily designed for organizations and institutions advancing certain academic, business, social, political, cultural, and economic purpose.I think that this is one limitation of this web-based toolnot everybody could use it. Of way I understand that this is not really for everyone. It is distributed for free with the hope that it would be helpful to those who need it. But maybe, just maybe, the NetVis Module could expand its range by making a similar SNA and visualization tool designed for a more personal use.ReferencesBaker, W. E. (2000). Teams as Networks Using Network Analysis for Team Development. Humax Publications. Retrieved November 15, 2007, from http//www.humax.net/teams.htmlScott, J. (1988). Sociology. quick-scented Journals, 22, 109-127.Tichy, N. M., Tushman, M. L., Fombrun, C. (1979). Social Network Analysis for Organizations. The Academy of Management Review, 4, 507-519.

Is It Best to Live with Roommates? Essay

Is it best to live with roomys? Or is it best to live alone? at that places no right or wrong answer to this question and dont let anyone manifest you otherwise. Its a personal purpose that all apartment dwellers argon entitled to make, and your answer should depend on what you want at the time youre looking to rent. If you need help decision making whether to live with a roommate, consider the common reasons why people choose one route over the other.Reasons to Have a roommateThere be many good reasons to have a roommate. See if any of these reasons appeal to you * You wont be lonely. Even if youre not close with your roommate, having a roommate manner having someone else around, so you wont have to feel lonely. * Youll gain convenience. Having a roommate adds convenience. For instance, if you have different schedules, a roommate can feed your pet or water the plants when youre not at home to do it. If you go out of town, your roommate can tell you about any important mail y ou receive.* Youll save money. When you have a roommate, youll save money in several ways. First, you can rent a big apartment that would give you both more room and more value. Youll also flare up utility bills and the cost of groceries, among other apartment expenses. Plus, if you or your roommate spend a penny (even if you just do the basics), cooking for two (or three or more) normally saves money over cooking for just one. * Youll have help. With a roommate, you can split the chores needed to keep your apartment in shape. So, you wont have to be the one to do market shopping all the time. Or, if you become the designated grocery shopper, your roommate can take on other errands that you would normally have to do. Sharing errands helps lighten the load for both of you.Reasons Not to Have a RoommateMany people appreciate the reasons in favor of having a roommate but feel that the reasons for living alone present a much stronger case. You shouldnt live with a roommate if* You w ant more privacy. If you live alone, youll almost certainly have more privacy than if you live with others. Simply stated, not having roommates means you can do what you want, when you want it. For instance, you can have guests over as you please or get home late and leave early without having to touch about disturbing a roommate.* You dont want to risk problems. Although having a roommate can be a rewarding experience, there are many types of problems that may arise in a roommate relationship. These range from lifestyle conflicts (think of a roommate who likes to play guitar while you need peace and good-tempered to study or do work) to financial issues (think of a roommate who has trouble paying his share of the rent and expenses). Living alone is the only way to check that none of these problems ever arises.

How Far Does ‘The Fall of The House of Usher’ Meet With The Conventions Of Gothic Fiction? Essay

The Gothic unfermented dominated English literature from 1764 when The Castle of Ortranto by Horace Warpole was published, until the early to mid 19th century. The Gothic novel is characterised by muddyness, dense forests, sexagenarian castles, dreary inhabits and sombre characters. Although Gothicism began to relinquish its dominance around 1815, it influenced some emerging genres and can still be seen in some of todays popular styles. Stephen King, a famous horror writer, draws on suspense, the fear of bleakness and the fear of the unknown whilst Anne sieve, the current queen of gothic fiction draws on much the same themes as The Fall of the House of lead. Her latest novel Blackwood Farm is set in a huge crime syndicate in the middle of nowhere and tells the trading floor of a young man confine in a neither living nor dead world where he is haunted by a spirit which pr steadyts him from belonging anywhere.The Fall of the House of read is set on a dark, soundless day in the autumn, an ideal setting for a Gothic tale. Autumn, with its cold-blooded dreary months following the transport of summer and nothing to look forward to apart from the hardships of winter, gives an immediately depressing timber to the story. The clouds are said to be low in the heavens qualification the proof ratifier aware of a grey oppressive sky, again referring to darkness and shortage of sunlight. As the vote counter approaches of the house he describes it as having bleak walls and sum like windows. The latter of these gives the reader a knowing of the house watching him like a person. The reader can sense the narrators apprehension. Poe uses descriptions such(prenominal) as rank, meaning a strong rancid odour, a certain indication that something in some way has gone bad. And accordingly he describes the white trunks of decayed trees thus highlighting the ghostly, death like setting. The narrator seems really unnerved by the setting and this is portrayed when he says nor could I grapple with the shadowy fancies the crowded upon me as I pondered, as if he is scared or wary of the objects around him.The plot fits perfectly into the Gothic genre. It contains a strange man with an unknown un swellness, a house which in some way has a powerful negative effect on the family and a person who either returns from the dead or was entombed alive. All this is set in a gigantic and ancient decaying house surrounded by a bleak forest. The mount to the story is that the narrator has been asked to visit by the owner of the house who was a boyhood companion of his. The narrator hasnt seen or even given much image to this man for many years. We are made aware of the loneliness of the life cartridge clip Roderick Usher, the owner, when the narrator communicates of not really knowing his friend really well. As a child Roderick was excessively reserved. It seems strange that the only person he feels adequate to call on in his cartridge clip of need is someone who doesnt feel he knows him very well. We are also told that there are no other branches of the Usher family. The story starts with the narrator approaching the house alone through the bleak setting. The reader is aware of his vulnerability and starts to feel concerned about what lies ahead.The narrator approaches the house nervously and trying to calm his anxiety, looks into a lake. The image reflected, however, is even to a greater extent horrific and chaotic than what he was imagining previously and this throws the narrators mind into a state of temporary disarray. This is a theme prevalent throughout the story exactly is usually displayed by Roderick Usher not the narrator. Nearing the house the narrator notices a fissure running from the roof of the house to the ground, this is not dwelt on at the time except is very relevant to the ending of the story. Once inside the house the narrator is led through many dark and intricate passages to meet Roderick Usher. He fin ds him much changed and describes him as terribly altered. Not only does Usher look physically ill but he also seems to been in a very agitated state of mind alternately vivacious and sullen. There are moments when Usher seems hopeful that his guest will be able to help him and talks of the solace he expected me (the narrator) to afford him.At one point he describes his illness as a constitutional and a family evil, and one for which he desp stationed to find a remedy but then immediately says that it is a mere nervous affection which will soon pass. He seems almost haunted by the things he is afraid of and confides in the narrator as to what he feels will be the death of him. It is fear, a most authoritative component of Gothic literature. Our introduction to Lady Madeline, Ushers twin sister, is brief, no more than a sighting but we are told of her mysterious illness and later her death. The narrator assists Usher, who is anxious to prevent doctors from interfering with his sist ers body, to entomb Madeline in a vault. After this Ushers mental health goes into rapid decline. On the seventh or eighth night after her entombment the narrator retires to his room but feels troubled and cannot sleep.Usher knocks at his portal, also troubled and demanding in a rather hysterical manner And you discombobulate not seen it? In an effort to calm him the narrator grabs a book and starts reading to Usher. As he reads, noises described in the book seem to be mirrored within the house. Even after this has happened twice the narrator tries to remain calm so as not to further excite the unstable Usher. However when it happens a third time the narrator can no longer contain his alarm and rushes everywhere to Usher who seems to be having a complete breakdown.Usher declares that the noises were Madeline breaking free from her tomb were they had placed her still living. Terrified he feels her presence outside the door I tell you that she now stands without the door. The door flies open and there is Madeline who falls heavily upon her brother who dies of fright just as he predicted. The narrator flees from the house and looking back from a safe distance sees the fissure which he had noticed on his arrival widening and then the walls of the house collapsing until the whole structure disappears into the tarn.Poe plays with the readers emotions by alternating the dramatic and sinister with the relatively normal.The typically gothic setting at the beginning of the story and the narrators reaction to it a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit draw the reader in and create an unsettling mood. Poe depicts the house and its surroundings in detail so we are thoroughly immersed in it. In the opening paragraph Poe describes the setting and the narrators feelings in great detail. In this part of the piece Poe is unrestrained by having to follow the details of the storyline. He is free to show off his talents at description of both setting and human emoti ons whilst creating a powerfully gothic atmosphere.I reined my horse to the precipitous border of a black and lurid tarn that lay in unruffled lustre by the dwelling, and gazed down but with a shudder even more thrill than before upon the remodelled and inverted images of the gray sedge, and the ghastly tree-stems, and the vacant and eye-like windowsOnce settled into the house the narrator appears to develop some sort of routine to his days with Usher. Whilst the narrators life is not exactly normal in the strict sense of the word as Ushers grip on sanity is fragile and some of his behaviour very peculiar, the reader is reassured by the calm and sensible voice of the narrator. Though even within this period of relative calm Poe often inserts accounts of some of Ushers bizarre behaviour such as his improvisations on guitar. The apparent death of lady Madeline signals the start of the build in tension to the climax of the story. The narrator has to help Usher deposit her coffin in a small, damp, copper lined vault which lies at great depth, immediately beneath that portion of the building in which was my own sleeping apartment.The vault is sealed with a massive iron door after the coffin lid has been screwed down. On the net night of the story the narrator is anxious, too anxious to sleep. The reader is not used to this so feels anxious too. We are told of the tattered draperies which swayed fitfully to and fro upon the walls it creates unease. When Usher comes into the narrators room he is in a very agitated state.He throws open the window to the storm and to the unnatural light of a faintly luminous and clearly visible gaseous exhalation which enshrouds the mansion. The ghostly sight makes the narrator shudder and he tells Usher that the air is chilling and dangerous to his frame. The suggestion of cold chilling air makes goose bumps rise on the readers skin, the same effect that fear would have. Then the narrator reads to Usher taking the reader away fr om the unnerving atmosphere in the room only to be brought back suddenly when noises in the house mirror the noises described in the story. This becomes increasingly alarming as it happens not twice but three times.The reader identifies strongly with the narrator and so feels the fear that he feels. By the time Madeline appears at the door the reader is at his most anxious and it would probably be very anticlimactic if the story didnt climax with the violence that it does.Poes use of intricate talking to is extensive and well structured. In the send-off paragraph he uses a large number of adjectives as this is the most descriptive part of the story. He refers to the melancholy House of Usher. Here he uses personification to assign a human emotion to the house. This could refer back to the narrators own emotions but I theorize it probably reflects the atmosphere of the house, also described as dull and dark. Poe also compares the narrators feelings to the after dream of the revel ler upon opium. The experience of opium taking would have been well known to his readers as it was readily available and frequently taken among the middle and upper classes. The effect of opium taking that he is referring to is not the high but the horrible low as one plunges back into reality after the high. Poe tends to use words that sound old- forge (archaic nouns) and also words that give his descriptions more atmosphere.When he writes no goading of the imagination could torture into the aught of the sublime, we are given perfect examples of both of these devices. He could have used conformity or create instead of torture but to add to the sinister feeling of the first paragraph he uses the later word which carries much more painful connotations. He also uses the word aught an archaic noun meaning anything. Again he could have used a much simpler word but aught gives his writing weight. The use of archaic nouns would make his writing seem old fashioned which would be benefici al to Poe, firstly because readers of his work at that time would consider him a greater writer, and secondly because the use of archaic nouns give his writing a stronger link with the medieval foundations of Gothicism.Poe also strengthens the gothic feel of his story by commenting on the architecture. In the sixth paragraph he refers to a Gothic archway. The archway is symbolic of entering so he is reminding the reader that they are entering a Gothic world, one where anything could happen. In the same paragraph he also has the narrator led through many dark and intricate passages by a silent valet, these things are commonplace in Gothic novels. The valets silence is menacing and the dark, intricate passages give a claustrophobic feel to the house, much the same as the windows which are said to be so vast a distance from the black oaken floor as to be altogether inaccessible from within. This is most certainly symbolic Poe is giving the reader a sense of the difficulty of escape and of being trapped. Poe uses symbolism a lot to reflect the sate of mind of the characters. He writes musical instruments scattered about, we know that music is an important part of Ushers heritage and something which he is sociable of .One would expect these instruments to be treated with care and the fact that they are scattered about mirrors Ushers disordered state of mind. Poe also uses complex adjectives such as phantasmagoric, in this case to describe the armorial trophies. Phantasmagoric means an effect where objects appear to rush towards the observer with increasing size. This makes the trophies very threatening and creates a feeling of paranoia. Later in the story, when Madeline is taken to the vault Poe mentions a donjon-keep used in feudal times. Another archaic word (meaning dungeon) but also alluding to a more sinister background behind the ancient family and its mansion than the art, music and charity that the narrator has spoken about. A dark and sinister past is ver y typical in Gothic novels. In the dramatic final speech that Usher makes Poe uses repetition to great effect. Not hear it? yes I hear it, and have heard it. Long long long many minutes, many hours, many days, have I heard it.This draws attention to Ushers agitated state of mind. He cannot speak without repeating himself. We are given the impression that he is hurrying his words mumbling them intensely like a madman. To give us this impression Poe, for the first time in the story uses a lot of short simple words. He builds up the pace of the speech until just before the end exploitation the horrible beating of her heart to pre climax the words MADMAN I TELL YOU SHE NOW STANDS WITHOUT THE DOOR The first part of the speech is very hard-hitting at building tension so that when her beating heart is mentioned the readers heart is racing. The climax line is delivered with the opening word MADMAN. Usher seems to be addressing everyone, not just the narrator but himself and the reader as well because if we believe she is alive then we are mad too. There was not enough air in the vault to keep her alive for so long.The Fall of the House of Usher meets the conventions of Gothic fiction well. The Gothic novel was characterised by intense images of vast dark forest landscapes, large castles with dreary interiors and forlorn characters. All of these are portrayed to full effect and the use of adjectives which may have seemed a lowly excessive, tied in with the atmosphere of the story and actually played off the excessive madness of Usher. The house provides a supernatural mystic background, it is very old with many dark and sinister secrets and the donjon-keep provides a direct connection to the medieval roots of the Gothic.Poe creates for the reader a feeling of apprehension and unease which leads to fear and then to terror. All are essential elements for the Gothic novel. This novel still has an appeal to readers in 2002 as a classical book but at the time it was originally published its genre was fairly common and thats why when he could, Poe had to use is talent of manipulating the readers mind to full effect. Although his style seems old fashioned to us, I feel that this style of writing has greater impact on the reader than a modern gothic author such as Ann Rice because the language ties in more closely with the roots of the gothic.

The Global Hepatitis B Situation Health And Social Care Essay

Hepatitis B virus transmitting is one of the to the highest degree frequent viral transmittances around the universe showing a major(ip) planetary public wellness job. Nowadays, viral hepatitis is the most prima cause of liver-colored cancerous neoplastic disease and the most common ground for liver organ transplant. An estimated 4.4 zillion Americans be populating with chronic hepatitis and largely they do non cognize their infection position. About 80,000 new infections derive each and every twelvemonth 1 . HBV infection is the tenth prima cause of decease ecumenic being resulted in 500 000 to 1.2 million deceases per twelvemonth caused by chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma the last histories for 320 000 deceases per twelvemonth 2, 3 . Round about 15-40 % of septic people have to develop cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) 4 . The relative incidence of HCC has increased worldwide, and now it is the fifth most freque nt malignant neoplastic disease histories for killing three hundred 000-500 000 people each twelvemonth 5 .Because of the high unwholesomeness and mortality associated with end-stage liver disease, the economic preventative of hepatitis B infection is well high. Harmonizing to one US-based survey of New England wellness attention databases, patients with CHB accounted for an norm of $ 40 512 in costs over 2 old ages for wellness attention services and medicine 7, 8 . Both direct checkup costs and indirect costs from work lost as beneficial liver jobs develop over a figure of old ages.To cut down planetary HBV-related morbidity and mortality, society base control plan, mass immunisation undertakings and efficacious interventions are indispensable. Although the World health governance recommended the executions of mass immunisation plans, since 1991, that decreased the incidence of HBV infection, the preponderance of disease in less developed county among babies, kids, and striplings are still need to take history 2 . The hepatitis B virus is 50 to 100 propagation more infective than HIV and an of import occupational jeopardy for wellness workers.Hepatitis B in AsiaThe preponderance of HBV infection is well high in South-East Asia and Sub-Saharan state it is assumed that 90 % of 360 million bearers of the virus globally are constituted in lesser developed states. Of the worldaaa?s bearers, 75 % are from the Asiatic continent, where between 8 % and 15 % of the population carry the virus. 8-15 % of the Asiatic continent carries the virus which accounts for 75 % of the worldaaa?s bearers 9 .The highest HBV infection among the universe is Asia-Pacific part is, and chronic HBV infection in most of the states of that part is high ( & gt 10 % prevalence ) 10 . The infection pass judgments in babies are really high in Thailand, China and Senegal with the prevalence of HBs Ag in serum may exceed 25 % . About 70-90 % of the population of South-ea st Asia part becomes HBV infected before the age of 40 and bearers are 8 to 20 % 11 .Hepatitis B in ThailandHBV infection is hyper-endemic in Thailand and there are estimated 5 million bearers, 1 in every 20 people. Because of the deficiency of consciousness the infection locate is so high and merely 15 % of those bearer people are being treated for the virus. Cancer is the major cause of decease among the Thai population and in 2006 entirely, 62000 deceases were reported 12 .Harmonizing to one survey conducted in 1986 shows the prevalence of HBV markers in general population varies from 40-60 % and estimated 10-20 % of kids between the ages 1-5 old ages have serologic grounds of HBV infection and this prevalence increases with age making a tableland of 40-60 % by age 20. Approximately 75 % of the babes born(p) to HBsAg & A HBeAg positive female nourishs become HBsAg positive at within three months after bringing. The prevalence of chronic bearer varies from 5-10 % and is hi ghest among age groups 10-30 old ages. Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is the first and 3rd most common malignant neoplastic disease among Thai citizens 13 .One ethno-epidemiological study for the HBV and HCV infections among seven minorities in a social centre, Northern Thailand ( 2002 ) studied for the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections by the usage of atom agglutination trials shows that overall prevalence of HBs-Ag, anti-HBs and anti-HCV in the seven groups was 10.3, 33.0 and 3.8 % , severally. By look intoing the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in Thai cultural minorities and demonstrated that HBV was a more common infective agent found in these populations than HCV that showed that HBV and HCV infection are widely extend in rural cultural populations of northern Thailand. A countrywide but community-based epidemiological study is necessitate for the public wellness planning to command their related serious diseases was recommended in this survey 14 .A cross-secti onal survey was conducted for school-age kids who had no history of HBV inoculation in a low socioeconomic community of Din-Daeng, Bangkok, to look into factors associated with the positiveness of HBV seromarkers. The consequences of this survey expressed the prevalence of HBV seromarkers was 24.85 % , the HBsAg bearer rate was 3.64 % , the anti-HBs positive rate was 15.15 % , and the prevalence of merely anti-HBc was 6.06 % . The consequences revealed the associated factors with HBV positiveness were ( a ) kid factors such as kid s age, sex, ear penetrating in female, sharing blade during haircutting, contact lesion from other individuals, utilizing wares with other individuals, seeking things in refuse, and ( B ) mansion factors such as older parent, parentsaaa? low instruction position, low household income, low parent s cognition and attitude about HBV infection and inoculation, ( P & lt 0.05 ) 15 .Migrant Workers in ThailandA recent molecular epidemiological survey tried to measure the seroprevalence of HBV and its familial variableness among migratory workers in Thailand from Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar. The survey was conducted to fold HBs Ag and sera were collected from 1,119 Kampuchean, 787 Laotian, and 1,103 Myanmar workers.The consequence of the survey showed the prevalence of HBsAg among migratory workers from Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar was 10.8 % , 6.9 % , and 9.7 % , severally. This survey besides revealed that high prevalence of HBV infection ( about 7-11 % ) was found among migratory workers from Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar, which may reflect the current seroprevalence in their several states 16 .Hepatitis B Situation in MyanmarMyanmar is besides regarded as a state with a high endemicity of HBV infection which is considered as an of import wellness issue by studies carried out among different population groups revealed HBsAg bearer rate of 10-12 % . In Myanmar, although there is possibility of horizontal transmittal through sharing o f toothbrushes and razors and iatrogenic transmittal, the perpendicular alley of transmittal might be the commonest path by research surveies 17 . A larger-than-life receive table field survey carried out in the whole state showed the magnitude of hepatitis B infection that 10.4 % of the survey population were constituted by seropositive to hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBs Ag ) 18 . HBsAg bearer rate of 10-12 % was revealed by subsequent survey conducted among different population groups 19 .1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Hepatitis B virus A comprehensive scheme for extinguishing transmittal in the United States through cosmopolite childhood inoculation recommendations of the immunisation patterns consultative commission ( ACIP ) . Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 1991. 40, 1-19.2. World Health make-up The World Health Report, 1997, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.3. World Health Organization. Hepatitis B. World Health Organization Fac t Sheet 204. ( Revised October 2000 ) .4. Lok, A. , Chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med, 2002. 346 ( 22 ) p. 1682-1683.5. Parkin, D. , et al. , Estimating the universe malignant neoplastic disease load Globocan 2000. Int J Cancer, 2001. 94 ( 2 ) p. 153-156.6. prevalence Statistics for Types of Hepatitis B. Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.wrongdiagnosis.com/h/hepatitis_b/prevalence-types.htm7. Brooks, E. , et al. , Economic rating of 3TC compared with interferon-alpha in the intervention of chronic hepatitis B in the United States. Am J Manag Care, 2001. 7 ( 7 ) p. 677-682.8. Rosenberg, D. , S. Cook, and S.E.e. Al, The epidemiology, intervention forms and resource use of hepatitis B patients in a big insured New England population. Pharmcoepidmiol Drug Saf 1998. 7 ( Suppl. 2 ) p. S132.9. BF, I.H. , et al. , Global impact of Hepatitis A virus infection. legal proceeding of the 1990 International Symposium on Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases. HADLER SC, 1991 p. 1 4-20, 94-97.10. Core Working Party for Asia-Pacific Consensus on Hepatitis B and C. Consensus statements on the bar and direction of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in the Asia-Pacific part. J Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2000. 15 p. 825-841.11. Hollinger FB, Liang TJ. Hepatitis B Virus. In Knipe DM at el. , explosive detection systems. Field Virology. 4th edition erectile dysfunction. 2001, Lippincott William and Wilkins Philadelphia. 2971-3036.12. Jason and U. Ratchathani Hepatitis B, non plenty being done. Jun 29 2008.13. Pramoolsinsap, C. , S. Pukrittayakamee, and V. Desakorn, Hepatitis B job in Thailand. Southeast Asiatic J Trop Med exoteric Health, 1986. 17 ( 2 ) p. 219-28.14. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infection in rural cultural populations of Northern Thailand. Journal of clinical Virology, 2002 February. 24 ( 1 ) p. 31-35.15. Luksamijarulkul, P. , P. Maneesri, and L. Kittigul, Hepatitis B Sero-prevalence and Risk Factors Among School-age Children in a Low Soc ioeconomic Community, Bangkok. Asia-Pacific Journal of common Health, 1995, July. 8 ( 3 ) p. 158-161.16. Sa-Nguanmoo, P. , et al. , Molecular epidemiological survey of hepatitis B virus among migratory workers from Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar to Thailand. Journal of medical virology, 2010 Aug 82 ( 8 ) . 82 ( 8 ) p. 1341-9.17. Khin, M. , Control of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Myanmar Public Health Issues. Regional Health Forum WHO South-East Asia Region, 2006. 6 ( 2 ) .18. Tin, K.M. , T. Htut, and H.M.T. Khin, Prevalence of hepatitis A and B in Burma. Proceedings of the First Conference of Medical Specialities. , 1981 p. 26-31.19. Khin-Pyone-Kyi and Khin-Maung-Win. . DMR Bulletin, Viral Hepatitis in Myanmar. 1995. 9 ( 2 ) p. 1-31.

Human Development Essay

Human cultivation is marked by different introduces and milestones over the lifespan. It is expressed over three field of honors physical, cognitive and socio/ stirred up. While human physical and cognitive development is universal, socio/emotional definitions and development vary from culture to culture. The various stages of human development include the prenatal period, infancy, toddler hood, early childhood, lay childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, shopping mall adulthood and late adulthood. Each stage is marked by milestones in physical, cognitive, and socio/emotional development. The theorist that investigated about mettle adulthood was Erik Erickson. Erikson observed that middle-age is when we tend to be occupied with creative and substantive work and with issues surrounding our family.Also, middle adulthood is when we bottom expect to be in charge, the role weve longitudinal envied. The significant task is to perpetuate culture and transmit values of the cultur e through the family and working to effect a stable environment. Strength comes through care of others and production of whateverthing that contributes to the betterment of society, which Erikson calls generativity, so when individual in this stage they often fear inactivity and meaninglessness. As children leave home, or relationships or goals change, they may be faced with major life changesthe mid-life crisisand struggle with finding new meanings and purposes. If adults do not n charm through this stage successfully, they locomote self-absorbed and stagnate.The main features of midlife refer to the transformation and progress on physical, cognitive/intellect and social domains. Changes are in like manner evident on expertise and own(prenominal)ity. Physical change is the intimately gradual. Such changes include, atrophy of muscles, slower metabolism, skin elasticity and dryness, wrinkles, slow growth of nail and hair and baldness. These changes also facilitate the decrease in height, increase in weight and decrease in bone density, competency and immunity, vision and hearing and decrease in kidney function and cardiac output. The greatest lost in this domain since physical factors are the primary source of sensory and motor functioning. The changes in physical attributes are more often than not characterized by menopause in women and andropause in men. Menopause is when the body stops ovulating and producing estrogen and gradual chastise in testosterone levels.These physical changes are emphasized of the double-standard of aging. Men become more distinguished and women become old. cognitive changes has to do with the way humans perceive and experience the world and deals with issues like store, thinking and decision-making processes and concept comprehension. During middle adulthood, humans are experts at problem solving, although they begin to experience some signs of decline with speed in processing and recall. The lost mainly focuses the abili ty to perform tasks unlike the agility that they could exert when they are oft measures younger. Many are losing confidence on performing the same task because their IQ or memory wont allow them to do so.Social changes are wherein the individuals became more aware of his being, his worth and his surrounding. They become more aware of their own mortality, the passing time and the seriousness of the physical decline. The gain is the opportunity to send you with others and contribute time to the community. Social changes has to do with how an individual is able to handle emotions, relationships, social situations, and the various roles demanded of them by society. Some aspect of Socio/Emotional standards, such as social expectations, relationships, and roles vary from culture to culture.The implication of middle adulthood to social work practice basically refers to the familiarity of the social worker to the journey of the service-users towards reaching that stage of life. The social worker may find difficulty in dealing with them especially when he or she has no idea where his or her clients concerns and issues are coming from. Their assistance would be feasible if they can do it the role that culture plays on the process of. Middle adulthood is met with the psychological and emotional challenges of facing the mid-life crisis, and a life analysis and inventory is taken. During this stage of lifespan, adults encounter changing roles that families face. Firstly in terms of vocation and work. Adults most often choose to go to college for work-related purposes.Many employers require workers to attain certain levels of education in order to qualify for promotions due to globalization. some adults may change career fearing the consequence of losing jobs while Others go to college to learn new skills in preparation for another career. Some, adults may also return to college simply for personal enrichment. The role of work , whether one works in a full time career, part time job or as a homemaker, is central during middle adulthood(Santrock,2009,p490). As adults reach their rush position in earning, they are saddled with multiple financial burdens including rent, mortgage, medical bills, and children tuition. These competing demands hinder the middle adulthood to further to career progress. They decide whether to change jobs or career, or rebalance family and work or plan for retirement.Having some knowledge about human lifespan development is beneficial for many reasons. It increases self-awareness and understanding, which helps with life planning. If a distaff is aware of the stages of her physical development, for example, she will know that her natural childbearing years are limited. If she wants to have children, she can use family planning to make choices about her education, career and mate to support this goal. Additionally, this knowledge can be helpful for improving relationships and interpersonal communication and resolving confli cts.

NVQ Business studies Essay

Diversity should be respected and cute, because nil is completely the identical as any wiz else. It is everyplace in our lives which makes abounding and varied. In our lives alteration disregard be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, cordial capabilities, physical appearances and so ontera It should be appraise because no unity is completely the akin as anyone else, nonwithstanding within the supra categories. If renewing is non precious past it spate pull to rage and hatred. great deal tend to deny what is different. Our differences/diversities can contain to growth as a participation or it can soupcon to force out and hatred.We must appreciate our diversity in order to become together for the harsh good of our lodge/world. ?OCR Business and cheek NVQ (QCF) UNIT 203 entitle Work in a trading environment aim 2 recognition 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and wherefore it should be cute? Diversity should be respect ed and valued, because nobody is completely the corresponding as anyone else. It is everyplace in our lives which makes racy and varied. In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, cordial capabilities, physical appearances etc.It should be valued because no one is completely the comparable as anyone else, as yet within the above categories. If diversity is not valued thus it can authorise to violence and hatred. hoi polloi tend to disapprove what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a ball club or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to spirt together for the gross good of our family/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF) UNIT 203 call Work in a business organization environment take aim 2 Credit 2 1.1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied. In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead to violence and hatred.People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common good of our society/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF) UNIT 203 Title Work in a business environment Level 2 Credit 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied.In our lives diversity can be defined as differ ences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead to violence and hatred. People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common good of our society/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF)UNIT 203 Title Work in a business environment Level 2 Credit 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied. In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because n o one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead to violence and hatred.People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common good of our society/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF) UNIT 203 Title Work in a business environment Level 2 Credit 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied.In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can le ad to violence and hatred. People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common good of our society/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF)UNIT 203 Title Work in a business environment Level 2 Credit 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied. In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead toviolence and hatred. People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common good of our society/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF) UNIT 203 Title Work in a business environment Level 2 Credit 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied.In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead to violence and hatred. People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common goo d of our society/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF)UNIT 203 Title Work in a business environment Level 2 Credit 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied. In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead to violence and hatred.People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common good of our society/world. ?OCR Business and Administration NVQ (QCF) UNIT 203 Title Work in a business environment Level 2 Credit 2 1. 1Describe what is meant by diversity and why it should be valued? Diversity should be respected and valued, because nobody is completely the same as anyone else. It is everywhere in our lives which makes rich and varied.In our lives diversity can be defined as differences in heritage, race, beliefs, customs, mental capabilities, physical appearances etc. It should be valued because no one is completely the same as anyone else, even within the above categories. If diversity is not valued then it can lead to violence and hatred. People tend to reject what is different. Our differences/diversities can lead to growth as a society or it can lead to violence and hatred. We must value our diversity in order to work together for the common good of our society/world.

After the Revolutionary War Essay

After the Revolutionary War, many Americans realized that the g all overnment established by the Articles of Confederation was not working. America needed a new form of government. It had to be strong becoming to maintain national unity over a large geographic area, but not so strong as to become a tyranny. Unable to find an exact model in account to fit Americas unique situation, designates met at Philadelphia in 1787 to create their own solution to the problem. Their reality was the United States Constitution.Before the Constitution could become the supreme law of the land, it had to be ratified or sanction by at least nine of the thirteen states. When the delegates to the Philadelphia Convention signed the Constitution on family line 17, 1787, they knew ratification would not be easy. Many people were bitterly opposed to the proposed new system of government. A public debate soon erupted in each of the states over whether the new Constitution should be accepted. much importa nt, it was a crucial debate on the future of the United States.The Federalist Papers Nowhere was the furor over the proposed Constitution more intense than in New York. Within days after it was signed, the Constitution became the fount of widespread criticism in the New York newspapers. Many commentators charged that the Constitution diminished the rights Americans had won in the Revolution.Fearful that the cause for the Constitution might be lost in his home state, Alexander Hamilton devised a plan to write a series of letters or essays rebutting the critics. It is not surprising that Hamilton, a magnificent lawyer, came forward at this moment to defend the new Constitution. At Philadelphia, he was the only New Yorker to pass signed the Constitution. The other New York delegates had angrily left the Convention convinced that the rights of the people were being abandoned.Hamilton himself was precise much in favor of strengthening the central government. Hamiltons Constitution wou ld have called for a president elected for life with the power to appoint state governors. Hamilton soon backed away from these ideas, and decided that the Constitution, as written, was the best one possible.Hamilton published his first essay in the New York Independent Journal on October 27, 1787. He signed the articles with the Roman name Publius. (The use of nom de guerres by writers on public affairs was a common practice.) Hamilton soon recruited two others, James Madison and John Jay, to contribute essays to the series. They also used the pseudonym Publius.James Madison, sometimes called the Father of the Constitution, had played a major role during the Philadelphia Convention. As a delegate from Virginia, he participated actively in the debates. He also kept detailed notes of the proceedings and drafted much of the Constitution. foreign Hamilton and Madison, John Jay of New York had not been a delegate to the Constitutional Convention. A judge and diplomat, he was destiny as secretary of foreign affairs in the national government. Between October 1787 and August 1788, Publius wrote 85 essays in several New York newspapers. Hamilton wrote over 60 percent of these essays and helped with the writing of others. Madison probably wrote about a third of them with Jay composing the rest.The essays had an immediate impact on the ratification debate in New York and in the other states. The demand for reprints was so great that one New York newspaper publisher printed the essays together in two volumes entitled The Federalist, A Collection of Essays, written in favor of the New Constitution, By a Citizen of New York. By this time the identity of Publius, never a well-kept secret, was pretty well known.The Federalist, also called The Federalist Papers, has served two very different purposes in American history. The 85 essays succeeded by helping to persuade in question(predicate) New Yorkers to ratify the Constitution. Today, The Federalist Papers helps us to m ore clearly understand what the writers of the Constitution had in sagaciousness when they drafted that amazing document 200 years ago.

Belonging: Decision Theory and Refugee

Is sounding really a survival? Can this statement apply to every experience related to belonging? Like the refugee experience? Does a refugee choose to belong or not belong? Good afternoon Ms Freckman and Ms Williamson. be is a sense of connection to people, places and the larger world. Not belonging is a lack of connection to these things. nevertheless thither are often barriers to belonging were people do not have the picking to belong or not belong.This understanding shows that belonging is not as mordant and white as just now choosing to belong or not belong. Scattered People is a photograph documentary by Cassandra Mathie that documents this idea. It consists of 3 series of black and white photographs, each series depicts a different refugees story slightly belonging in Australia. Each series contains 6 photographs and each photograph is accompanied by a quote from the refugee.The refugees are scattered because they all struggle to belong to where they have come from and where they are now. The guerrilla series captures the story of a Sri Lankan refugee who is prevented from belonging by the Australian government and is faced with the loss of choice in belonging. These themes of bar and loss of choice in belonging communicates the idea, belonging is not as black and white as simply choosing to belong or not belong. To understand this idea of belonging we whoremaster analyse a quote given to us by the refugee.She says, I have come here to ask for protection and like to get freedom because in my country I cant live as my name, as my person still I seaportt heard a decision if they decide i am a refugee yet . She has used the verbs cant, havent and yet. They have strong negative connotations, highlighting the fact she is prevented from belonging. Strong nouns like prevention, freedom and decision are also used to express she has lost her choice in belonging.

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 24

Management - Essay Example in that respect are a lot more that the film explores about the nature of subjects in any organizational set up. Workers simply conduct their organizational roles, and without any specific hostility on their part, can figure out out to be agents in a terrible destructive organizational process. Furthermore, even when the destructive impacts of their workplace become patently clear, and they are logical to carry out actions incompatible with fundamental principles of morality, relatively a few(prenominal) individuals have the resources needed to resist way. It is worth noting that workers in an organization are likely to adhere to organizational orders given by the manager even to an extent of doing business activities that are contrary to the regulation and good conducts of the organization. (Koontz, Harold, and Heinz, 7)In any organizational set up workers tend to follow orders given by their managers if they acknowledge the authority as morally ri ght and of the legal basis.2. Power or authority is the potential ability to deflect workers behavior in the organization, to alter the course of events, to all overcome or minimize resistance and to get individuals to do things they would not otherwise have done. It is the ability and official capacity to exercise control and authority over a group, person or nation. Authority occurs in all levels of life from the firm to the government of a country (Koontz, Harold, and Heinz, 55). Coercive power is one type of power that is manifested in the experiment. This kind of power is conveyed finished fear of being dismissed from ones job, being demoted, getting a poor deed review, having massive projects taken away. This form of power is gotten through threatening others. For example in the film in most of the trials, a white-coated experimenter coerced two of the volunteers, of whom one was given the duty of teacher and the other learner. The learner was ordered to remember lists of word pairs, and if he was not able recall them, the leader

Comparative Cultures- Anthropology- Coffee Essay

Comparative Cultures- Anthropology- cocoa - Essay ExampleOver the years, coffee bean has become a profitable tradable trade good and has had great success in most parts of the world. It is bought and sold by roasters, investors and price speculators due to its demand and value. The two chief(prenominal) cultivated species argon the Robusta coffee and the Arabica coffee. Most Arabica coffee beans originate from either Latin America, eastern Africa, Arabia or Asia. Robusta coffee beans are grown in western and central Africa, many parts of Asia, and to some conclusion in Brazil (Wasendorf, R, 2002 p 87).In the beverage marketplace, Coffee holds an important place and makes a absolute majority business in the market. Many millions of people rely on coffee for living and is a really labour-intensive culture in any region of the world. The coffee industry currently has a commodity chain that involves producers, middlemen exporters, importers, roasters, and retailers before reach ing the consumer. Middlemen exporters purchase the coffee below market price, keeping a high-pitched percentage for them. massive coffee estates and plantations often export their own harvests or have direct arrangements with a transnational coffee processing or distributing company. Under either arrangement, large producers can sell at prices set by the New York Coffee Exchange. Roasters have the highest profit margin in the commodity chain. Large roasters normally sell pre-packaged coffee to large retailers. Coffee reaches the consumers through cafes and specialty stores selling coffee, of which, approximately, 30% are chains, and through supermarkets and traditional retail chains. Supermarkets and traditional retail chains hold about 60% of market share and are the primary channel for both specialty coffee and non-specialty coffee. Twelve billion pounds of coffee is consumed around the globe annually, and the United States alone has over 130 million coffee drinkers.The export m arket for coffee has been reported to have flourished in the late nineteenth century

Adolescents are not in turmoil,not deeply disturbed and not resistant Research Proposal

Adolescents are non in turmoil,not deeply disturbed and not resistant to parental values - Research Proposal ExampleAdolescence is commonly perceived as that point of physiological, mental, and emotional development between childhood and adulthood. Generally taken as the pre-teen to teen old ages, usually at the onset of puberty until about 18 or 19, the catamenia of adolescent development pertains to a kind of diverse range of determinant influences including social, environmental, religious, even cultural factors for the concept to be framed in more(prenominal) definitive terms. In this paper, the context adopted by the American Psychological Association (A.P.A.) in its scientific publication titled Developing Adolescents A reference for Professionals shall be, likewise, adopted There is no standard age range for defining adolescence. Individuals can begin adolescence earlier than age 10, just as some aspects of adolescent development often continue past the age of 18. Althou gh the upper age boundary is sometimes delimit as older than 18 (e.g., age 21 or 25), there is widespread agreement that those in the age range of 10 to 18 should be considered adolescents. (p. 2)The stage of adolescence is definitely the most exciting period of most everyones life. The period of discoveries and learning on your own, the time of exciting encounters and relationships, of heightened interests in new and more exciting things than dolls and matchboxes, it is that time in our lives that almost every adult, if not every adult, would look back to with pump and great relish. It is the period of our lives when we looked at everything in the initiation with more intense interest and passion. Child psychologist Gregory Ramey at Dayton Childrens in his Dayton Daily News article titled Adolescent Turmoil writes, Teens feel the world so passionately. They live life differently from the rest of us. They experience intense sadness at things that take care trivial and escalate t o extreme excitement at seemingly insignificant events. He continues further, They enjoy

Bubbles on the South Sea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bubbles on the South Sea - Essay ExampleThis is a significant filter in the total value of a market, almost undoubtedly to the popping of a bubble, creating a function wherein the majority of investors are trying to flee the market at the same time and consequently incur massive losses. And terribly affects everyone. The inevitable crash came and the strain proved too much to many control stick stock companies. The immediate cause was the activities of the South Sea Company. It had been formed to engage in trading in the South Seas, but it also has engaged in the funding of the national debt in return for noncompetitive privileges.The bad repute of this joint-stock companies had led to the passage of the Bubble Act for the regulation of companies in the main judge to prevent panic. Bubble Act declared that only companies formed by charter or by a private act of parliament were legal.The South Sea Company was reasonably successful. It was chartered by the government for trade in South America and the South Sea. The relationship between the government and the smart set created confidence and high expectations. In the history, they were given the monopoly of trading in the Pacific Ocean and along the margin of South America, made an offer to the government to pay off the whole National Debt and to buy up the irredeemable annuities, according to Melville amounting of 800,000 a yr, provided the different public securities were consolidated into one fund in their transfer and the government gave the company certain exclusive commercial privileges. In spite of the limited privileges conceded to it in the Asiento by Spain, been highly successful in the slave trade. This means according to (Colliers Encyclopedia) that they have the right for 30 eld to supply Spanish-America colonies with 4,800 slaves annually and to send to Porto Bello and Vera Cruz a trading ship of 500 tons a year.